Electric motors and drives fundamentals, types and applications third edition austin hughes senior fellow, school of electronic and electrical engineering, university of leeds amsterdam boston heidelberg london new york oxford paris san diego san francisco singapore sydney tokyo newnes is an imprint of. It also depends upon faradays law of electromagnetic induction which says the current is induced in the conductor inside a magnetic field when there is a relative motion between that conductor and the magnetic field. In hybrid electric vehicle the engine is the final source of the energy used to power the car. A traction motor is used to make rotation torque on a machine. In comparison to the principal alternative, the diesel engine, electric railways. A 2200v,50 hz, three phase,6 pole,yb connected squirrel cage induction motor has following parameters. It combines some great mechanical technology, including a huge, 12cylinder, twostroke diesel engine, with some heavy duty electric motors and generators, throwing in a little bit of computer technology for good measure. Pressure charging can increase power 50 percent in a fourstroke engine by putting more air and more fuel into the cylinder. Acs diagram of acdc dieselelectric locomotive tep70 traction generator, when controlled. In response, electric locomotives began operation in 1904 on the new york central. Identify all main components of an electric starter motor assembly 4. What is the principle of electric train and how it is. Archived from the original pdf on november 25, 2005. The train picks up the electricity through the wheels and takes it to an electric motor that turns the drive wheels with a set of gears.
Design considerations of powertrain as well as inverter and battery pack with bms. Rotary converters were the first to appear and they consist of a motor and a. The fuel coal, wood, oil, whatever in a steam engine burns outside the engine to create steam, and the steam creates motion inside the engine. The moscow odessa train in vinnytsia railway station. The working principle of an alternator is very simple. The medeas steam engine and boiler, although built six years later, are typical of the previous. The article presents technological solutions and properties of an electric powertrain designed for a motorcycle. The diesel and electric locomotive story and working 24. Identify all main components of a diesel engine starting system 2. Engine general working principle pressure force pushes a load expansion process.
The valves are operated by the action of the camshaft, which has separate cams for the inlet. Nuclear and coal based thermal power plants together produce almost half of the worlds power. An electric locomotive is a locomotive powered by electricity from overhead lines, a third rail or. An electric locomotive is a railway vehicle that can move along rails and push or pull a train attached to it using electric power drawn from an external source, usually from overhead cables or a third rail. Power 4mw at wheel fore electric mode, 4,200 hp diesel engine power 2 high speed diesel engines technology. Rudolf diesel patented his first compressionignition. The steam engine governor is a device for keeping the speed of the engine more or less constant at all loads. Railway engineering association manual, 1911 recommends the following. The permissible range of voltages allowed for the standardised voltages is as stated in standards bs en 50163 and iec 60850. A steam engine in oldfashioned trains and steam boats is the best example of an external combustion engine. Pdf railway electrification is experiencing a very important transformation. They are also used in electric vehicles, such as electric milk.
A diesel locomotive is a type of railway locomotive in which the prime mover is a diesel engine. Electric motor provides the remaining power required. There are many other voltage systems used for railway electrification systems around the world, and the list of current systems for electric rail traction covers both standard voltage and nonstandard voltage systems. Electric locomotives do not have a conventional engine in them as we have seen in a diesel locomotive, but use the electricity. Electric motor parts of motor, working of electric motor.
Electric train experiment purpose to build an electric train, utilizing uninsulated copper wire, a battery, and powerful magnets. This 270,000pound 122,470kg locomotive is designed to tow passenger train cars at speeds of. Generally, an ebook can be downloaded in five minutes or less. Single phase 25 kv is stepped down and converted in to dc, then this dc supply is used to run dc traction motors equipped in conventional locos. Be it diesel or electric, locomotives are actually run by a set of electric ac. As we all know, it is electric locomoti ves that are at the forefr ont of railway traction, while the diesel locomotive is kept for some very specific uses. The voltage can be increased to go faster or reduced til the train stops. Fluid flow is modulated by changing volumes within the engine.
Describe the similarities and differences between air, hydraulic, and electric starting systems 3. Stirling engines operate on a regenerative thermodynamic cycle where the working fluid is enclosed within the engine. Electric motors objectives after studying this unit, the student will be able to state the purpose of an electric motor. The final decade of the 20 th century and the first decade of the 21 st century were marked by the enormous rise in high speed due to the huge leaps forward in electric locomotive technology.
Traction motors are used in electrically powered rail vehicles such as electric multiple units and electric locomotives. With independent airbrakes air goes from the locomotive to all cars in the train making the system slower than one with automatic airbrakes. Electric locomotives do not have a conventional engine in them as. The direction of the lines of force is given by the law of the screwdriver. The magnetic field of the magnets interferes with that produced due to electric current flowing in the conductor. This is the principle of working of electric motor. Electric vehicle and electric motor traction motor refers to a type of electric motor. The berkeleys steam engine and boilers are typical of almost the highest development of the marine reciprocating piston engine, the three cylindered tripleexpansion engine supplied with steam from the oilfired straight watertube boilers. The two necessary motions are rotary and linear, where linear actuators vary the power into straight line motions, normal for positioning electrical actuator.
This experiment is guided towards stem education and. Due to their lower investment costs and their simpler operation, they became the. Advantages of electric locomotive electric engines do not produce much heat and noise. Energy storage and electric generation in diesel electric locomotives conference paper pdf available july 2009 with 2,040 reads how we measure reads. An electric locomotive is a locomotive powered by electricity from overhead lines, a third rail or onboard energy storage such as a. The two pistons of the engine are exposed to a hot source and cold source, respectively. If the armature winding is supplied by an external dc source, current starts flowing through the armature conductors. As a result of this explosion, heat is released and this heat.
The siemens es64u4, is the current confirmed holder as the fastest electric locomotive at 357 kmh 222 mph in 2006. The technical working of an electric locomotive could be understand through the power circuit diagram of any electric locomotive for example. The subcourse consists of four lessons and an examination, divided as follows. As told earlier, the battery used for this car is very expensive. The valves are mounted either on the cylinder head or on the cylinder block. Diesel engine fundamentals doehdbk1018193 diesel engines diesel engines one of the most common prime movers is the diesel engine. As the conductors are carrying current inside a magnetic field, they will experience a force which tends to rotate the armature. The working principle of the diesel power station is very simple. It started first with directcurrent feeding systems ca pable of driving a dc motor directly and. The fuel coal, wood, oil, whatever in a steam engine burns outside the engine to create steam. The railway has its own traction current lines with an operating voltage of. The first fullscale working railway steam locomotive was built by richard.
For this it controls either the quantity or pressure of the steam supplied to the engine according to the load on the engine. There is such a thing as an external combustion engine. Steam turbines lie at the heart of these power plants. Pdf in article analysing typical electrical locomotives were manufactured with analogous. The vehicle uses a large traction battery pack to power the electric motor and must be plugged in to a charging station or wall outlet to charge. Calculate ithe time taken and energy dissipated in the motor during starting. If you want an explanation of how a transformer works or how an electric motor works post another question. A gasolineelectric hybrid car or hybrid electric vehicle is a vehicle which relies not only on batteries but also on an internal combustion engine which drives a generator to provide the electricity and may also drive a wheel.
An electric locomotive is essentially a box full of transformers and semiconductors that converts electricity collected from external sources to the desired voltage to drive the traction motors. Since the loop has become a magnet, one side of it will be attracted to the north pole of the magnet and the other to the south pole. A locomotive or engine is a rail transport vehicle that provides the motive power for a train. Different types of electric actuators and its applications. The hybrid diesel locomotive is an incredible display of power and ingenuity. Graduates are prepared for product development positions in the automotive, communications, solar, wind turbine, and smart grid. Design of a stirling engine for electricity generation. Locomotives popularly called train engines are the heart and soul of the railway system. Engine four stroke cycle engine two stroke cycle engine a mixture of fuel with correct amount of air is exploded in an engine cylinder which is closed at one end. Improvements of efficiency in locomotives with internal combustion engines ice. The boiler is seated on a rectangular frame of firebricks. Before gaining an understanding of how the engine operates a basic understanding of the engines components must be gained. Analysis, evaluation and simulation of railway dieselelectric and.
In a basic dc motor, an armature is placed in between magnetic poles. Electric engines are therefore easier to maintain whereas the moving parts of a diesel engine require constant maintenance. However, thermal engines in a vehicle as main energy and. We at mth electric trains take pride in manufacturing quality products like your set, and we hope that you will enjoy it for a long time. The result is a fascinating and cheap experiment that displays the basic principles of electromagnetism and engineering. Working principle of dc motor mainly depends upon fleming left hand rule. Allelectric vehicles evs have an electric motor instead of an internal combustion engine. Locomotives work based on a really simple principle. To allow the air to enter into the cylinder or the exhaust, gases to escape from the cylinder, valves are provided, known as inlet and exhaust valves respectively. In both states, the use of electric locomotives on principal interurban routes. Locomotives give life to coaches and wagons which are otherwise dead hunks of metal which can best qualify as shelters during rains, converting them into trains. An electric car simply consists of three main components battery, controller and electric motor.
100 1004 870 1519 1314 362 233 60 264 1275 532 27 832 355 1292 858 1311 308 658 277 1298 1283 960 586 466 43 449 1351 558 505 197 825 898 271 1 618 1389 431 542 1160 970 588 702